Find component values (Resistor,Capacitor)

Resistor

Most resistors specify their values by series of colour codes.

Each colour has a number.

Nowadays we can see resistors with 4 colour codes , 5 colour code.

How to read a value of the resistor.

When you look at the colour codes there is one colour code which is far away from the other lines.

Then hold the resistor like in the above picture.
Then you have to Read the values.

Table of colour codes.

If it's total line count = 4

          First 2 lines replace with the relavant number for that colour.
          3rd line is will give the multiplier.
          4th line give the tolarance precentage.

Example

In this resistor 

First colour is brown So first digit is                 1

Second colour is black So second digit is          0

Third colour is greenSo multiplier is                 100000              simply 5th power of 10

Fourth colour is gold So tolerance is                 5%

Then resistor value is    10*100000 = 1000,000 ohms   (1 Mohms)

Note:- Value come with unit ohms

Exactly this is not the actual value of the resistor. It relies in +/- 5% margin above value.

1000000*5%=50000ohms

So the actual value is relies on 1000000-50000 and 1000000+50000 ohms range.

950000 and 1050000 ohms  (950Kohms to 1050 Kohms)

If it's total colour count =5 

First 3 lines replace with the relavant number for that colour.
          4th line is will give the multiplier.
          5th line give the tolarance precentage.

Example

In this resistor 

First colour is orange So first digit is                   3

Second colour is orange So second digit is          3

Third colour is white So second digit is               9

Fourth colour is black So multiplier is                1             simply 0th power of 10

Fifth colour is brown So tolerance is                 1%

Then resistor value is    339*1 = 339 ohms  

Note:- Value come with unit ohms

Exactly this is not the actual value of the resistor. It relies in +/- 1% margin above value.

339*5%=3.39ohms

So the actual value is relies on 339-3.39 and 339+3.39 ohms range.

335.61 and 342.39 ohms.

Can we find Any value we need as the single resistor.

NO..

there is few series of resistors.

Example 

E12  consist of multipliers (10th powers multipliers) of theses values

10Ω, 12Ω, 15Ω, 18Ω, 22Ω, 27Ω, 33Ω, 39Ω, 47Ω, 56Ω, 68Ω, 82Ω

 That mean we can find 1ohm (10*10^-1)  10 ohm (10*10^0)  100ohm (10*10^1)......  resitors. 

As well as 1.2 ohm 12 ohm 120 ohm 1200ohm ......

If we need 13ohm we need to get it by combinations 12+1 ohm.

There is many more resistor series.

Read valeu of a capacitor.
Some of the resistor's value is represnted directly.
Some of the resistor's value is represnted as a code.

In here 104

That means 10  (take the first digit as it is)   *10^4  (4th power of 10)

10*10^4=10*10000

100000pf

Note :- value come from pF.

100000pF=100nF=0.1uF